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The state is also experiencing widening consumption inequality. [41] In the 18th century, after the fall of Mughal authority, the power vacuum was filled by the Maratha Empire, in the mid-18th century, the Maratha army invaded the Uttar Pradesh region, which resulted in Rohillas losing control of Rohilkhand to the Maratha forces led by Raghunath Rao and Malharao Holkar. The Ganges and its tributaries are the habitat of large and small reptiles, amphibians, fresh-water fish, and crabs. Blocks consists of panchayats (village councils) and town municipalities. Though long known for sugar production, the state's economy is now dominated by the services industry. [271], A newborn in Uttar Pradesh is expected to live four years fewer than in the neighbouring state of Bihar, five years fewer than in Haryana and seven years fewer than in Himachal Pradesh. [282] Linguistically, the state spreads across the Central, East-Central, and Eastern zones of the Hindi Belt, the major Hindi languages of the state being Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, Braj Bhasha, Kannauji and Hindustani.[283]. [112], Uttar Pradesh has more metropolitan cities than any other state in India. [175][176][177] The Uttar Pradesh Police, governed by the Department of Home, is the largest police force in the world. [94] Several species of trees, large and small mammals, reptiles, and insects are found in the belt of temperate upper mountainous forests.
[289] Ganga Mahotsav festival of Kartik Poornima celebrated fifteen days after Diwali. The economy also benefits from the state's tourism industry. Buddhist attractions in Uttar Pradesh include stupas and monasteries. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by private companies.